Non-Islamic States & Western Colonies  AD. 600- 1979

1.Medial northern and central India, c. 530-630 AD. Coins struck by Mihirakula +

    a. Silver drachms of the Eastern Hephthalite series, probably struck at Taxila

    b. Copper staters of Kidarite inspiration, probably struck at Sakala

    c. Copper coinage struck in succession to the Kotakula series of the Punjab

    d. Small copper coin series struck in Malwa

2.Derivation of various Indo-Sassanian coin series from prototype drachms of Emp.Peroz

    a. Tribute money paid by Perz and countermarked by the Hephthalites

    b. Early Afghan copies of Peroz' drachms struck by the Hephthalites; c. 480-560 AD.

    c. Early Indo-Sassanian copies of Peroz' drachms struck in Pakistan and beyond

3.Zabul,Kabul and Gandhara

    a. Yabghous of the Western Turkisk Khanate: c. 525-600 AD.

    b. The Turkic Khanate of Bokhara: c. 585-700 AD.

    c. The Turkic Khanates south of the river Oxus during the period c. 585-610 AD.

    d. Turkic Khanates of eastern Afghanista and Gandhara during later decades: c. 600-719 AD.

    e. The Turkic kingdoms of Zabul, Kapisa and Gandhara: c. 710-800 AD.

4. The Shahi kings of Kabul and Gandhara: 800-1026 AD.

    a. Spalapati Deva series struck when the Shahi capital was at Kabul: c. 800-870 AD.

    b. Khudavayaka ( Kamaluka ): c. 903/915

    c.Samanta Deva series struck when the Shahi capital had moved to Ohind: c. 870-1008 AD.

    d. Vakka Deva series: c. 870-1008 AD.

    e. The coming of Islam

5.The Ghaznavid conquest of Pakistan

    a. Ghaznavid coins struck in the Punjab province

    b. Ghaznavid coins struck in Sindh province

6.Kashmir

    a. Coinage of the early kings: c. 530-855 AD.

    b. The Duptala dynasty

    c. Dynasties of Yashaskara and Parvagupta

    d. First Lohara dynasty

    e. Second Lohara dynasty

    d. Dynasty of Vuppadeva

7.Nepal

    a. Lichchhavi dynasty: c. 460-750 AD.

    b. Dynasties of Raghadeva and the Thakuris, and the early Mallas: c. 879-1326 AD.

    c. The Karnataka of Mithila (Tirhut): coins struck shortly after its conquest

    d. Kingdom of Champaran

8.Northern and Central India: from the time of Mihirakula until c. 750 AD.

    a The Gurjura Confederacy:

        1. Gurjuras of Jodpur: c. 550-730 AD.

        2. Gurjura kingdom of Sindh

        3. Early Arab coinage of Sindh:

        4. Gurjuras of Broach

    b. Saurashtra anmd Central India:

        1. Maitrakas of Valabhi: c. 470-770 AD.

        2. Later Gupta kings of Malwa

        3. Imitation Gupta coinage of Malwa and adjacent regions

        4. A succession state north of Malwa

        5. The Kalachuris of Mahismati: c. 550-620 AD.

        6. Kalachuris feudatoris in Malwa and Vidarbha: c. 575-610

        7. Parivrajaka Maharajahs of Bundelkhand

        8. Uchchakalpa Maharajahs of Bundelkhand

    c. The Upper Ganges valley:

        1. The Maukharis of Kanauj: c. 535-605 AD.

        2. The Vardhanas of Thanesar and later of Kanauj: c. 580-647 AD.

    d. Bihar, Bengal and Assam

9.Northern India during the supremacy of the Pratiharas and the Palas: c. 750-950 AD.

    a. Imperial Pratiharas ( Gurjura Pratiharas)

        1. First coin series: c. 750-836 AD.

        2. Boar series: c. 836-1019 AD.

    b. An un-attributed Indo-Sassanian series bearing Brahmi characters

    c. The Palas

        1. Anonymous Indo-Sassanian coinage: c. 775-850 AD.

        2. Vigrahapala-drammas: c. 850-1000 AD.

10.Central India from the decline of the Pratiharas until the Islamic conquest

    a. The Chandellas of Bundelkhand: 954-1309 AD.

    b. The Kalachuris

    c. The Paramaras of Malwa

    d. Other Central Indian dynasties

11. Rajput dynasties and there neighbours .....

 

12. Bihar, Bengal and Assam...

 

13. The Candra kingdom of....

 

14. The coming of Islam to Northern India.

 

    The Deccan and Penninsular India

 

1. Early dynasties of the Deccan

2. The Deccan before...

3. Chalukyas....

4.

5.

6. Dynasties of the southern and south-western Deccan

7. Penninsular India

8. The Island of Ceylon

  The Indian Penninsular from the 14.th century

1. The Kingdom of Vijayanagar

2. Successors  to the Kingdom of Vijayanagar

3. The encroachment of Islam on the Hindu states of the Penninsular

 

  The european colonial powers in India & Ceylon

1. Portuguese possessions in India

2. Danish possessions of Tranquebar

3. Dutch possessions in India

4. French possessions in India

5. British possesssions in India

6. Regal coinge of India

7. Imperial coinage of India

8. Ceylon

   The Northern Crescent

1. Nepal

2. Tibet

3. Bhutan

4. The Koch Kingdom

5. The Ahom Kingdom

6. Japan

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